COVID-19 y obesidad en pacientes admitidos en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos
Issue | Vol. 7 Núm. 2 (2023): Ciencia y Salud, abril-junio |
DOI | |
Publicado | jun 3, 2023 |
Estadísticas |
Resumen
Introducción: el COVID-19 es una enfermedad de origen infeccioso viral, transmitida por diversas cepas de la familia Coronaviridae. Su manifestación puede ser leve-moderada con síntomas generales como malestar, dolor corporal y fiebre, sin embargo, la presencia de comorbilidades en pacientes la convierte potencialmente en una enfermedad severa con afectación pulmonar-sistémica. La obesidad, también reconocida como pandemia, representa un factor de riesgo inminente ante una mayor susceptibilidad de adquirir complicaciones durante la enfermedad por COVID-19.
Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia de obesidad en pacientes admitidos a Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) que mostraron un pronóstico desfavorable.
Metodología: se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de tipo observacional, se recolectó la información de un solo centro de salud de la República Dominicana. Durante el período de marzo a diciembre del 2020, se recopiló de los récords médicos electrónicos un total de 382 pacientes hospitalizados en UCI con una prueba positiva de SARS-CoV-2.
Conclusión: la obesidad produce un desbalance homeostático afectando especialmente la inmunidad del organismo haciendo al paciente más susceptible a presentar casos severos de COVID-19, requiriendo mayores niveles de hospitalización e ingresos a UCI.
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© Ciencia y Salud, 2023
Afiliaciones
María Carolina Rodríguez Domínguez
Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, República Dominicana
Nathalia Capellan Lereburs
Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, República Dominicana
Ann Stephany Sánchez Marmolejos
Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, República Dominicana
Ricardo Acra-Tolari
Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, República Dominicana
Héctor Herrera Mercedes
Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, República Dominicana
Dolores Mejías De la Cruz
Hospital General de la Plaza de la Salud, República Dominicana