Cardiovascular risk in Hashimoto thyroiditis patients according to their thyroid state: a cross-sectional study
Issue | Vol. 7 Núm. 1 (2023): Ciencia y Salud, enero-marzo |
DOI | |
Publicado | mar 11, 2023 |
Estadísticas |
Resumen
Aims: To investigate the association between cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular risk score with the thyroid status of patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis.
Methods: Thirty-eight consenting adults with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis participated in this cross-sectional study. The cardiovascular risk factors considered included age, sex, blood pressure, body mass index, fast blood glucose, lipid profile, cardiovascular comorbidities, C reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. The Framingham CV risk score was performed. The sample was classified into euthyroid (n = 15), clinical hypothyroidism (n = 9), and subclinical hypothyroidism (n = 13), and included the presence of antithyroid antibodies. Fisher’s exact test was used to determine the association between the variables studied.
Results: 100% of the sample were women; a mean age between 39-59 years old. The category with low risk was the largest (n = 30), equivalent to 78.9%; moderate risk, no patient was obtained; high risk (n = 8) constituted 21.1%. Statistical significance between age and CV risk score in patients with clinical hypothyroidism was found (p < 1), 95% CI. The glucose level in the subclinical hypothyroidism and clinical hypothyroidism had statistical significance. The presence of anti-Thyroglobulin (antiTg) was shown to be closely related to the level of CV risk in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism.
Conclusion: Age, glycemia, anti-Tg, history of DM, dyslipidemia, or cerebrovascular accidents have been linked to raising the risk of developing CVD in up to 10 years depending on their thyroid profile. No evidence of a direct relationship between CV risk score and thyroid state was found in the participants of this study.
Mincer D, Jialal I. Hashimoto Thyroiditis [Internet]. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2019 [cited 18 January 2020]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459262/
World Health Organization. About cardiovascular diseases [Internet]. 2020 [cited 18 January 2020]. Available from: https://www.who.int/cardiovascular_diseases/about_cvd/en/
Frostegård J. Atherosclerosis in patients with autoimmune disorders. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol [Internet]. 2005;25(9):1776-85. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.0000174800.78362.ec
Sima P, Vannucci L, Vetvicka V. Atherosclerosis as autoimmune disease. Ann Transl Med [Internet]. 2018;6(7):116. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/atm.2018.02.02
Escárcega RO, Lipinski MJ, García-Carrasco M, Mendoza-Pinto C, Galvez-Romero JL, Cervera R. Inflammation and atherosclerosis: Cardiovascular evaluation in patients with autoimmune diseases. Autoimmun Rev [Internet]. 2018;17(7):703-8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2018.01.021
Hak AE, Pols HA, Visser TJ, Drexhage HA, Hofman A, Witteman JC. Subclinical hypothyroidism is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction in elderly women: the Rotterdam Study. Ann Intern Med [Internet]. 2000;132(4):270-8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-4-200002150-00004
Topaloglu O, Gokay F, Kucukler K, Burnik FS, Mete T, Yavuz HC, et al. Is autoimmune thyroiditis a risk factor for early atherosclerosis in premenopausal women even if in euthyroid status? Endocrine [Internet]. 2013;44(1):145-51. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12020-012-9842-5
Ochs N, Auer R, Bauer DC, Nanchen D, Gussekloo J, Cornuz J, et al. Meta-analysis: subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk for coronary heart disease and mortality. Ann Intern Med [Internet]. 2008;148(11):832-45. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-148-11200806030-00225
Kazelian L. Enfermedades autoinmunes que condicionan la enfermedad coronaria en la mujer. Rev Argent Cardiol [Internet]. 2013;81(4):353-7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.7775/rac.es.v81.i4.2890
Kaplan RC, Frishman WH. Systemic inflammation as a cardiovascular disease risk factor and as a potential target for drug therapy. Heart Dis [Internet]. 2001;3(5):326-32. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132580-200109000-00009
Lopez-Candales A, Hernández Burgos PM, Hernandez-Suarez DF, Harris D. Linking chronic inflammation with cardiovascular disease: From normal aging to the metabolic syndrome. J Nat Sci. 2017;3(4).
Hutfless S, Matos P, Talor MV, Caturegli P, Rose NR. Significance of prediagnostic thyroid antibodies in women with autoimmune thyroid disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab [Internet]. 2011; 96(9):E1466-71. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-0228
Shetty A, Chowdappa V. Cytomorphological spectrum of hashimoto’s thyroiditis and its correlation with hormonal profile and hematological parameters. J Cytol [Internet]. 2019;36(3):137-41. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/JOC.JOC_50_18
Chen W-H, Chen Y-K, Lin C-L, Yeh J-H, Kao C-H. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, risk of coronary heart disease, and L-thyroxine treatment: a nationwide cohort study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab [Internet]. 2015;100(1):109-14. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jc.2014-2990
Vélez-Alvárez C, Gil-Obando LM, Avila-Rendón CL, López-López A. Factores de riesgo cardiovascular y variables asociadas en personas de 20 a 79 años en Manizales, Colombia. Univ. Salud. 2015 June;17(1):32-46.
North BJ, Sinclair DA. The intersection between aging and cardiovascular disease. Circ Res [Internet]. 2012;110(8):1097-108. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.246876
Costa E, Santos-Silva A, Paúl C, González Gallego J. Aging and cardiovascular risk. Biomed Res Int [Internet]. 2015;2015:871656. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/871656
Kim TH, Choi HS, Bae JC, Moon JH, Kim H-K, Choi SH, et al. Subclinical hypothyroidism in addition to common risk scores for prediction of cardiovascular disease: a 10-year community-based cohort study. Eur J Endocrinol [Internet]. 2014;171(5):649-57. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EJE-14-0464
Lee JJ, Pedley A, Hoffmann U, Massaro JM, Fox CS. Association of changes in abdominal fat quantity and quality with incident cardiovascular disease risk factors. J Am Coll Cardiol [Internet]. 2016;68(14):1509-21. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2016.06.067
Scheuer SH, Færch K, Philipsen A, Jørgensen ME, Johansen NB, Carstensen B, et al. Abdominal fat distribution and cardiovascular risk in men and women with different levels of glucose tolerance. J Clin Endocrinol Metab [Internet]. 2015;100(9):3340-7. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/JC.2014-4479
Atta MN, Elessawy R, Deghedy A, Hafez A, Elsherbiny TM. Hashimoto thyroiditis is an independent cardiovascular risk factor in clinically hypothyroid patients. Alex J Med [Internet]. 2011;47(4):267-76. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajme.2011.09.004
SarfoKantanka O, Sarfo FS, Ansah EO, Kyei I. The effect of thyroid dysfunction on the cardiovascular risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Ghana. J Diabetes Res [Internet]. 2018;2018:1-8. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4783093
Kiran U, Sandeesha, Kumar L. Role of hypothyroidism in dyslipidaemia and blood glucose regulation. J Evol Med Dent Sci [Internet]. 2019;8(31):2495-9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2019/543
Chen G, Wu J, Lin Y, Huang B, Yao J, Jiang Q, et al. Associations between cardiovascular risk, insulin resistance, beta-cell function and thyroid dysfunction: a cross-sectional study in She ethnic minority group of Fujian Province in China. Eur J Endocrinol [Internet]. 2010;163(5):775-82. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/EJE-10-0710
Fonseca FAH, Izar MC de O. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein and cardiovascular disease across countries and ethnicities. Clinics (Sao Paulo) [Internet]. 2016;71(4):235-42. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2016(04)11
Christ-Crain M, Meier C, Guglielmetti M, Huber PR, Riesen W, Staub JJ, et al. Elevated C-reactive protein and homocysteine values: cardiovascular risk factors in hypothyroidism? A cross-sectional and a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Atherosclerosis [Internet]. 2003;166(2):379-86. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9150(02)00372-6
Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, Kaptoge S, Di Angelantonio E, Lowe G, Pepys MB, Thompson SG, et al. C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis. Lancet [Internet]. 2010;375(9709):132-40. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61717-7
Liu J, Duan Y, Fu J, Wang G. Association between thyroid hormones, thyroid antibodies, and cardiometabolic factors in non-obese individuals with normal thyroid function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2018;9:130. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00130
Shimizu Y, Kawashiri S-Y, Noguchi Y, Nagata Y, Maeda T, Hayashida N. Normal range of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab) and atherosclerosis among eu-thyroid population: A cross-sectional study: A cross-sectional study. Medicine (Baltimore) [Internet]. 2020;99(38):e22214. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000022214
Gupta G, Sharma P, Kumar P, Itagappa M. Study on subclinical hypothyroidism and its association with various inflammatory markers. J Clin Diagn Res [Internet]. 2015;9(11):BC04-6. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2015/14640.6806
- Resumen visto - 268 veces
- PDF descargado - 97 veces
- HTML descargado - 28 veces
Descargas
Licencia
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
Copyright
© Ciencia y Salud, 2023
Afiliaciones
Karina Gómez
Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM). Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
Yasmin Céspedes
Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM). Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
Emily Rodríguez
Pontificia Universidad Católica Madre y Maestra (PUCMM). Santo Domingo, República Dominicana