Monitoreo de residuos de plaguicidas en ajíes dulces en mercados selectos de San José de Ocoa y Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
Issue | Vol. 3 Núm. 2 (2020): Ciencia, Ambiente y Clima |
DOI | |
Publicado | dic 18, 2020 |
Estadísticas |
Resumen
Los productos agrícolas dominicanos con fines de exportación se analizan constantemente en busca de residuos de plaguicidas. Algunos de estos agroalimentos presentan elevadas concentraciones de plaguicidas que sobrepasan los niveles máximos de residuos establecidos (LMR), convirtiéndose en una preocupación de seguridad alimentaria. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la presencia, tipos y concentraciones de 70 residuos de plaguicidas de uso común en el sector hortícola, en dos cultivares de ajíes, mediante la técnica de cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas (GC-MS), en mercados alimenticios seleccionados de la provincia San José de Ocoa y del Gran Santo Domingo. Desde enero del 2018 hasta junio del 2019, se recolectaron 117 muestras de ajíes dulces y estos fueron analizados utilizando la extracción de residuos múltiples QuEChERS, seguida de GC-MS. Se encontró que solo el 62 % cumplía con los LMR, siendo el clorfenapir y la cihalotrina los más frecuentemente detectados (27 y 19 muestras, respectivamente). También, se demostró la presencia de 19 variedades de plaguicidas, entre ellos dos organoclorados no permitidos: dicofol y diclorodifeniltricloroetano (DDT). Los altos niveles y la amplia variedad de residuos de pesticidas detectados en este proyecto sugieren la necesidad de promulgar regulaciones sobre el uso adecuado de pesticidas.
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Afiliaciones
Alejandro Vallejo Degaudenzi
Instituto de Medicina Tropical y Salud Global, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
Francelyn Pérez
Ministerio de Agricultura, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
Camila Marranzini
Instituto de Medicina Tropical y Salud Global, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana
Josefina Tavárez
Ministerio de Agricultura, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana