Mecanismos de Acción de los Flavonoides: Propiedades Antioxidantes, Antibacterianas y Antifúngicas
| Issue | Vol. 6 Núm. 2 (2023): Ciencia, Ambiente y Clima |
| DOI | |
| Publicado | dic 29, 2023 |
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Estadísticas |
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC), República Dominicana
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC), República Dominicana
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC), República Dominicana
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC), República Dominicana
Resumen
Los flavonoides, un grupo diverso de compuestos polifenólicos naturales que se encuentran en fuentes como frutas y verduras, han acaparado la atención por sus actividades biológicas, incluidas las propiedades antioxidantes, antibacterianas y antifúngicas. Esta exhaustiva revisión profundiza en los mecanismos en lo que los flavonoides combaten el estrés oxidativo y dificultan el crecimiento de bacterias y hongos. En cuanto a la acción antioxidante, los flavonoides muestran su eficacia neutralizando las especies reactivas del oxígenomediante la donación de átomos de hidrógeno y electrones, aumentando la actividad de enzimas antioxidantes endógenas y quelando iones de metales de transición. Sus efectos antibacterianos se dirigen a las bacterias Gram positivas y negativas, alterando las membranas celulares, inhibiendo procesos enzimáticos clave y suprimiendo las bombas de eflujo, impidiendo el crecimiento bacteriano y causando la muerte celular. Además, los flavonoides presentan propiedades antifúngicas al interferir en la integridad de la membrana celular fúngica, alterando la biosíntesis del ergosterol y modulando vías críticas de transducción de señales, impidiendo en última instancia el crecimiento y la patogenicidad de los hongos. Este conocimiento sobre los mecanismos de los flavonoides no sólo es prometedor para el desarrollo terapéutico, sino que también inspira futuros avances en la investigación farmacológica.
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Flavonoides
resistencia antibiótica
mecanismos antibacterianos
mecanismos antioxidantes
actividad antifúngica
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Bianca Rodríguez
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC), República Dominicana
Lirianny Pacheco
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC), República Dominicana
Iran Bernal
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC), República Dominicana
Marianne Piña
Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo (INTEC), República Dominicana
Cómo citar
Rodríguez, B., Pacheco, L., Bernal, I., & Piña, M. (2023). Mecanismos de Acción de los Flavonoides: Propiedades Antioxidantes, Antibacterianas y Antifúngicas. Ciencia, Ambiente Y Clima, 6(2), 33–66. https://doi.org/10.22206/cac.2023.v6i2.3021